Standing some 10 feet tall and weighing nearly 1,000 pounds, ogres look like massive, barrelchested humanoids with wide, fanged jaws.

Lost Greatness. Ogres are the descendants of giants forced out of their elementally-infused homes. Though now far removed from their giant ancestors, ogre tribes still remember the calamitous fall of the giants’ empire, and their stories warn against venturing too much or building too high.

In remote corners across the world, nagas guard repositories of arcane knowledge and religious wisdom. Though the culture that created them is lost to time, nagas refuse to abandon the ancient libraries, temples, and tombs entrusted to them millennia ago.

Aquatic humanoids with the torsos of humans and the tails of fish, merfolk build societies beneath the waves that few land-dwellers ever encounter. Most merfolk keep to the shallows, where light still filters through the water to mark the passage of time. Others, braver or stranger than their coastal cousins, venture into the ocean’s lightless depths.

Far-Flung Kingdoms. Merfolk kingdoms span the globe, and their citizens are as varied in culture and appearance as other humanoids. Their skin can be as many colors as a tropical fish.

A lycanthrope is a humanoid who transforms into an animal during the full moon. In animal form, a lycanthrope (also called a were) appears to be simply a large, powerful example of its species. Its eyes, however, betray its humanoid intelligence.

Kobolds are small, reptilian humanoids that blend the features of large dogs and tiny, wingless dragons. While many live in the lairs of the dragons they revere, others dwell in trap-ridden warrens far underground.

Draconic Servitors. Kobolds feel both an awe of and kinship with dragons. Many dragons extend protection to their distant kobold cousins, accepting in return the flattery, adulation, and service they believe all creatures owe them. Kobold servitors resent a dragon’s other minions, fearful of the day the dragon no longer values their devotion.

Khalkoi, more commonly known as mind wasps, are parasitic predators that feed on the cosmic principles of good and evil, law and chaos. They conquer reality after reality, leaving behind deserted heavens and dead gods as they rob worlds of divine magic.

The history of hobgoblins is that of the rise and fall of empires. Time and again, hobgoblin armies have ridden forth to subjugate weaker civilizations beyond their borders. Only the collective opposition of rival nations (efforts usually led by elves) has prevented hobgoblins from conquering the world. The ruins of great hobgoblin empires now litter the landscape, with each new generation struggling to reclaim the glory of its predecessors.

When draconic blood flows through the veins of a non-dragon, that creature comes to exhibit dragonlike characteristics. A half-dragon has a dragon’s snout, fangs, and scaly hide, and possesses a breath weapon as devastating as that of a true dragon. Some half-dragons even grow wings. The lifespan of a half-dragon is far longer than that of most humanoids, with some half-dragons living 300 or 400 years.

Three old crones cackle over a bubbling cauldron on a secluded isle. Inside their pot are the bones of misbehaving children. These fey creatures are called hags.

Guardians, sometimes called golems, are animated constructs made from various materials: moldable clay, rigid stone, mighty iron, and even stitched flesh. They are singular in purpose, carrying out their creator’s commands with the commitment of a force of nature.